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  _____________________

Örjan Martinsson

Serbia

During the early middle age Serbia was divided between several different principalities, which were ruled by Zupans and usually recognised the Byzantine emperor’s overlordship. The principality of Raška, Which ruler from 1090 was called grand-zupan, unified Serbia during the latter half of the 12th century. At the same time Serbia declared itself independent from the Byzantine Empire and it became a kingdom 1217. Serbia experienced its age of greatness during the 14th century when Stefan Dušan expanded the kingdom and called himself "tsar of the Serbs, Greeks and Albanians". The age of greatness was however short lived and Serbia disintegrated into several smaller principalities, which after 1389 were either conquered by the Ottoman Empire or forced to be its vassals. The last of these Serbian states disappeared 1502. Three hundred years later Serbia would restore its autonomy after a rebellion against the Ottomans and full independence was achieved 1878. It was again elevated to a kingdom 1882. After the First World War Serbia was united with several newly conquered and Slavic speaking territories and was then transformed into the kingdom of Yugoslavia. The monarchy was abolished when the communist seized power 1945 and replaced by a federation, which was dissolved during the early nineties.

Raška
(
Zupans under Byzantine supremacy)
 
840-865
865-891
865-875
865-875
891-892
892-917
917-921
921-924
924-931
931-960
960-980
980-1003
1003-1030
1030-1060
1060-1083
1083-1085
1083-1122
1122-1145
1145-1150
1150
1150-1155
1155
1155-1160
1160-1162
1162-1163
1163-1166

Vlastimir
Mutomir
Gojnik
Strojmir
Pribislav
Petar
Pavle
Zaharije
Occupied by Bulgaria
Časlav
Tihomilj
Ljutomir
Ljutomirovic
Ljutovid
Petrislav
Marko
Vukan (grand-zupan from 1090)
Uroš I
Uroš II

Desa
Uroš II
(restored)

Desa (restored)
Uroš I
(re-restored)

Primislav
Beloš
Desa (re-restored)


Serbia
(grand-zupans, kings and tsars)
 
1166-1171 Tihomir
1168-1196 Stefan Nemanja
1168-1186
1196-1202
Stracimir
Stefan I (the first coronated)
1202-1204 Stefan Vukan
1204-1227 Stefan I (restored) = 1217
1227-1234
1234-1242
1242-1276
1268-1282
1282-1321
1321-1331
Stefan Radoslav
Stefan Vladislav I
Stefan Uroš I
Stefan II Dragutin
Stefan Uroš II Milutin
Stefan Uroš III Dečanski
1331-1355 Stefan Uroš IV Dušan = 1345
1346-1371 Stefan Uroš V = 1355
1366-1371

Vukašin Mrnjavčević

*

1371-1395 Marko Kraljević *
1371-1389 Stefan Lazar I Hrebljanović (prince)

Serbian Princes
(vassals to the Ottoman Empire)
 
1389-1427 Stefan III Lasarević
1427-1456

Đurađ I Branković

1456-1458
1458-1459
1459
1459-1471
1471-1485
1486-1496
1496-1502
1502-1804
1804-1813
1813-1815
1816-1839
1839
1839-1842
1842-1858
1858-1860
1860-1868
1868-1878
Lazar II
Stefan (the Blind)
Stefan IV Tomašević
Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire
Vuk
Đurađ II
Jovan
Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire
Đorđe Petrović (Karađorđe)
Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire
Miloš Obrenović
Milan I Obrenović
Mihailo Obrenović
Aleksandar Karađorđević
Miloš Obrenović (restored)
Mihailo Obrenović (restored)
Milan II Obrenović

Kingdom of Serbia
 
1882-1889
1889-1903
1903-1918
Milan II (same as above)
Aleksandar I Obrenović
Petar I Karađorđević

Kingdom of Yugoslavia
(Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 1918-1929)
 
1918-1921
1921-1934
1934-1945

1945-1946
1946-1992
1992-2003
2003-2006
2006-  

Petar I (same as above)
Aleksandar I
Peter II

Democratic federation of Yugoslavia
Federal Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Commonwealth of Serbia and Montenegro
Republic of Serbia  

* = Kings in Macedonia who were not recognised by all Serbs.
= Zeta (vassal state to Serbia which were the equivalent to present day Montenegro)
= King.
= Tsar.