Serbia

During the early middle age Serbia was divided between several different principalities, which were ruled by Zupans and usually recognised the Byzantine emperor’s overlordship. The principality of Raška, Which ruler from 1090 was called grand-zupan, unified Serbia during the latter half of the 12^th century. At the same time Serbia declared itself independent from the Byzantine Empire and it became a kingdom 1217. Serbia experienced its age of greatness during the 14^th century when Stefan Dušan expanded the kingdom and called himself "tsar of the Serbs, Greeks and Albanians". The age of greatness was however short lived and Serbia disintegrated into several smaller principalities, which after 1389 were either conquered by the Ottoman Empire or forced to be its vassals. The last of these Serbian states disappeared 1502. Three hundred years later Serbia would restore its autonomy after a rebellion against the Ottomans and full independence was achieved 1878. It was again elevated to a kingdom 1882. After the First World War Serbia was united with several newly conquered and Slavic speaking territories and was then transformed into the kingdom of Yugoslavia. The monarchy was abolished when the communist seized power 1945 and replaced by a federation, which was dissolved during the early nineties.

Raška (Zupans under Byzantine supremacy)
840-865 865-891 865-875 865-875 891-892 892-917 917-921 921-924 924-931 931-960 960-980 980-1003 1003-1030 1030-1060 1060-1083 1083-1085 1083-1122 1122-1145 1145-1150 1150 1150-1155 1155 1155-1160 1160-1162 1162-1163 1163-1166	Vlastimir Mutomir Gojnik Strojmir Pribislav Petar Pavle Zaharije Occupied by Bulgaria Časlav Tihomilj Ljutomir Ljutomirovic Ljutovid Petrislav Marko Vukan (grand-zupan from 1090) Uroš I Uroš II Desa Uroš II (restored) Desa (restored) Uroš I (re-restored) Primislav Beloš Desa (re-restored)
Serbia (grand-zupans, kings and tsars)
1166-1171	Tihomir
1168-1196	Stefan Nemanja
1168-1186 1196-1202	Stracimir Stefan I (the first coronated)
1202-1204	Stefan Vukan
1204-1227	Stefan I (restored)	= 1217
1227-1234 1234-1242 1242-1276 1268-1282 1282-1321 1321-1331	Stefan Radoslav Stefan Vladislav I Stefan Uroš I Stefan II Dragutin Stefan Uroš II Milutin Stefan Uroš III Dečanski
1331-1355	Stefan Uroš IV Dušan	= 1345
1346-1371	Stefan Uroš V	= 1355
1366-1371	Vukašin Mrnjavčević	*
1371-1395	Marko Kraljević	*
1371-1389	Stefan Lazar I Hrebljanović	(prince)
Serbian Princes (vassals to the Ottoman Empire)
1389-1427	Stefan III Lasarević
1427-1456	Đurađ I Branković
1456-1458 1458-1459 1459 1459-1471 1471-1485 1486-1496 1496-1502 1502-1804 1804-1813 1813-1815 1816-1839 1839 1839-1842 1842-1858 1858-1860 1860-1868 1868-1878	Lazar II Stefan (the Blind) Stefan IV Tomašević Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire Vuk Đurađ II Jovan Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire Đorđe Petrović (Karađorđe) Direct rule by the Ottoman Empire Miloš Obrenović Milan I Obrenović Mihailo Obrenović Aleksandar Karađorđević Miloš Obrenović (restored) Mihailo Obrenović (restored) Milan II Obrenović
Kingdom of Serbia
1882-1889 1889-1903 1903-1918	Milan II (same as above) Aleksandar I Obrenović Petar I Karađorđević
Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 1918-1929)
1918-1921 1921-1934 1934-1945 1945-1946 1946-1992 1992-2003 2003-2006 2006-	Petar I (same as above) Aleksandar I Peter II Democratic federation of Yugoslavia Federal Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Commonwealth of Serbia and Montenegro Republic of Serbia

* = Kings in Macedonia who were not recognised by all Serbs.
= Zeta (vassal state to Serbia which were the equivalent to present day Montenegro)
= King.
= Tsar.