Livonia

Livonia was during the Middle age a territory that comprised the modern states of Estonia and Latvia. It was conquered in the 13^th century by German crusaders who created a loose confederation of petty states. The most important of these was the state ruled by the Sword Brethren and later the Livonian Order, the regents of the other states are located in this page. Under the pressure from Russia in the 16th century the Livonian confederation collapsed and was divided between its neighbours. Livonia was thereafter the name of a smaller province, which was Swedish 1629-1721 and Russian 1721-1918. The province of Livonia was then divided between the new states of Estonia and Latvia after the First World War.

1207-1209 1209-1236	Vinno von Rohrbach Volkwin von Naumburg zu Winterstätten
Livonian Order (branch of the Teutonic Order)
1237-1238 1238-1241 1241-1242 1242-1246 1246-1248 1248-1253 1254-1257 1257-1260 1261 1261-1263 1263-1266 1267-1270 1270 1270-1273 1273-1279 1279-1280 1280-1281 1281-1282 1282-1287 1288-1289 1290-1293 1295-1296 1296-1298 1298-1307 1309-1322 1322-1324 1324-1328 1328-1340 1340-1345 1345-1359 1360-1364 1364-1385 1385-1388 1388-1389 1389-1401 1401-1413 1413-1415 1415-1424 1424-1433 1434-1435 1435-1437 1438-1450 1450-1469 1470-1471 1472-1483 1483-1494 1494-1535 1535-1549 1549-1551 1551-1557 1557-1559 1559-1561	Hermann Balk Dietrich von Grüningen Andreas von Felben Dietrich von Grüningen (restored) Heinrich von Heimburg Andreas von Felben (restored) Hanno von Sangershausen Burkhard von Hornhausen Georg von Eichstädt Werner von Breithausen Konrad von Mandern Otto von Lauterberg Andreas von Westfalen Walter von Nordeck Ernst von Ratzeburg Gerhard von Katzenelnbogen Konrad von Feuchtwangen Mangold von Sternberg Wilhelm von Nindorf Konrad von Hattstein Balthasar Holte Heinrich von Dincklage Bruno Gottfried Rogge Gerhard von Jork Konrad Kesselhut Reimar Hane Eberhard von Monheim Burkhard von Dreileben Goswin von Herreke Arnold von Vietinghoff Wilhelm von Friemersheim Robin von Eltz Johann von Ohle Wennemar von Bruggenei Konrad von Vietinghoff Dietrich Tork Siegrfried Lander von Sponheim Cisse von dem Rutenberg Frank Kirskorf Heinrich von Böckeförde Heinrich Vincke von Overberg Johann von Mengden Johann Waldhaun von Heerse Bernhard von dem Borch Johann Freitag von Loringhoven Wolter von Plettenberg Hermann Brugsenei Johann von der Recke Heinrich von Galen Johann Wilhelm von Fürstenberg Gotthard Kettler

During the Livonian war (1558-1583) the Danish prince Magnus of Holstein had himself proclaimed king of Livonia as a Russian vassal 1570. He had before that bought the prince bishoprics of Ösel-Wieck and Courland but when he died 1583 had all of his territories been lost to the neighbouring countries.