Regents of Wales

When England was conquered by the Anglo-Saxons the Celts were gradually pushed back to the west. The area that held out the longest was Wales, even though it was divided into several small principalities. The map above show the most important. The title of the Welsh rulers can either be translated to king or prince. One of them was often powerful enough to claim overlordship over the others as "king of the Britons" (i.e. the Welsh) and thus lead the resistance against the Englishmen. They could however not prevent England's gradual conquest of the country. It was the flatter areas in southeast Wales which were first subjugated by England while western Wales and the mountainous inner parts of Wales had more favourable geography to resist English advances. The last principality to be conquered by England was Gwynedd in the northwest, it perished 1283. This had usually been the most powerful Welsh state and several of its rulers had been "kings of the Britons". The second most important principality was Deheubarth in the southwest., but the territory of this state was greatly reduced in the 13th century and it became an insignificant client state to Gwynedd and was conquered with it by England 1283.

Gwynedd		Seisyllwg
c. 450-460 c. 470-480 c. 500-534 c. 520-547 c. 547-580 c. 580-599 c. 599-613 c. 613-625 c. 625-634 c. 634-655 c. 655-682 c. 682-720 c. 720-754 c. 754-798	Cunedda ap Edern Einion ap Cunedda Cadwallon ap Einion Maelgwn ap Cadwallon Rhun ap Maelgwn Beli ap Rhun Iago ap Beli Cadfan ap Iago Cadwallon ap Cadfan Cadafael ap Cynfeddw Cadwaladr ap Cadwallon Idwal ap Cadwaladr Rhodri ap Idwal Caradog ap Meirion	7th century -872 872-878 878-909 909-920 909- (950) 920	Seisyll Gwgon United with Gwynedd Cadell ap Rhodri Clydog ap Cadell Hywel Dda (the Good) All Seisyllwg unites with Dyfed and form the new kingdom of Deheubarth
		Deheubarth
c. 798-816 814-825 825-844 844-878	Cynan ap Rhodri Hywel ap Rhodri Merfyn Frych (the Freckled) Rhodri Mawr (the Great)	(905) -950 950-953 950-954 950-986	Hywel Dda (same as above) Rhodri ap Hywel Edwin ap Hywel Owain ap Hywel
878-916 916-942	Anarawd ap Rhodri Idwal Foel (the Bald)	986-999 999-1005	Maredudd ab Owain United with Gwynedd
942-950 950-969 950-979 974-985 985-986 986-999 999-1005 1005-1018 1018-1023 1023-1039 1039-1063 1063-1075 1075-1081 1081-1137 1137-1170 1170-1173 1170-1190 1170-1195	United with Deheubarth Ieuaf ab Idwal Iago ab Idwal Hywel ab Ieuaf Cadwallon ab Ieuaf United with Deheubarth Cynan ap Hywel Aeddan ap Blegywryd Llywelyn ap Seisyll Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Bleddyn ap Cynfyn Trahaearn ap Caradog Gruffydd ap Cynan Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffydd Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd (west) Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd (east)	1005-1018 1005-1018 1018-1023 1023-1033 1033-1044 1044-1045 1045-1055 1055-1063 1063-1072 1072-1078 1078-1093 1093-1116 1116-1137 1137-1143 1143-1153 1153-1155 1155-1197 1197-1201	Edwin ab Einion Cadell ab Einion United with Gwynedd Rhydderch ab Iestyn (Morgannwg) Hywel ab Edwin United with Gwynedd Gruffydd ab Rhydderch United with Gwynedd Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin Rhys ab Owain Rhys ap Tewdwr Conquered by England Gruffydd ap Rhys Anarawd ap Gruffydd Cadell ap Gruffydd Maredudd ap Gruffydd Rhys ap Gruffydd Gruffydd ap Rhys II
1195-1240 1240-1246 1246-1255	Llywelyn Fawr (the Great) Dafydd ap Llywelyn Owain Goch ap Gruffydd	1199-1230 1216-1234 1234-1244	Maelgwn ap Rhys Rhys Gryg Rhys Mechyll
1246-1282 1282-1283	Llywelyn ap Gruffydd Dafydd ap Gruffydd	1244-1271 1271-1283	Maredudd ap Rhys Grug Rhys ap Maredudd

Wales was conquered by England 1283. Apart from a rebellion led by Owain Glyndŵr 1400-1415 Wales have thereafter always been united with England and the title "prince of Wales" have since then been reserved to the oldest son of the king of England.

1301-1307 1343-1376 1376-1377 1399-1413 1453-1471 1470-1483 1483-1484	Edward of Caernarvon Edward (the Black Prince) Richard of Bordeaux Henry of Monmouth Edward of Westminster Edward Plantagenet Edward of Middleham	=1307-1327 = 1377-1399 = 1413-1422 = 1483
1486-1502 1502-1509 1537-1547	Arthur Tudor Henry Tudor Edward Tudor	= 1509-1547 = 1547-1553
1603-1612	Henry Frederick Stuart
1612-1625 1630-1649	Charles (I) Stuart Charles (II) Stuart	= 1625-1649 = 1660-1685
1688-1689	James Francis Edward Stuart
1714-1727 1727-1751 1751-1760 1762-1820	George Augustus Frederick Lewis George (III) George (IV)	= 1727-1760 = 1760-1820 = 1820-1830
1841-1901 1901-1910 1910-1936 1948-2022 2022-	Albert Edward (VII) George (V) Edward (VIII) Charles (III) William	= 1901-1910 = 1910-1936 = 1936 = 2022