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  _____________________

Örjan Martinsson

Luxembourg

The tiny country Luxembourg got its name from a castle, which dates back to the Roman Empire. The castle became the residence of the counts of the Ardennes 963, which from 1083 was called the county of Luxembourg. Its count Henri VII was elected to German king 1308 and his dynasty became one of Europe's most powerful houses, among others were Bohemia and Hungary part of the Luxembourg dynasty's possessions. It was during this time Luxembourg was elevated to a duchy (1354). Because of Wenceslas II's financial difficulties was Luxembourg pawned 1388. The rulers of Luxembourg styled themselves as dukes but Wenceslas and his descendants continued to use the title duke of Luxembourg. This meant that there were two kind of Luxembourg dukes during the period 1388-1457, hereditary dukes (duc héréditaire) and actual regents (duc par engagère). Luxembourg became a part of the Burgundian lands 1457 and shared their fate until the Belgian revolt 1830. The French speaking part of Luxembourg joined Belgium as a province while the smaller German speaking part became an independent state in a personal union with The Netherlands. The union was dissolved 1890 due to different succession laws. Before that had Luxembourg been elevated to a grand duchy at the congress in Vienna 1814.

House of Ardennes

963-998 Sigefroi
998-1026 Henri I
1026-1047 Henri II
1047-1059
1059-1086
1086-1096
1096-1129
1129-1136
Gilbert
Conrad I
Henri III
Guillaume
Conrad II

House of Namur
 
1136-1196
1196-1198
1198-1247
Henri IV (the Blind)
Othon
Ermesinde
 

House of Luxembourg
 
1247-1281 Henri V *
1281-1288 Henri VI
1288-1310 Henri VII
1310-1346 Jean I (the Blind)
1346-1353
Charles I

1353-1383 Wenceslas I **
1383-1388 Wenceslas II

Reigning Dukes
(duc par engagère)
 
Hereditary Dukes
(duc héréditaire)

1388-1402

Josse

1383-1419

Wenceslas II

1402-1407 Louis d'Orleans 1419-1437 Sigismond
1407-1411 Josse (restored) 1419-1425 Jean II

1411-1451

Elizabeth de Gorlitz ***

1437-1440

Elizabeth de Gorlitz ***
1441 Jacques (archbishop of Trier) 1437-1439 Albert

1451-1457 Philippe (the Good) 1440-1457 Ladislas
1457-1467


House of Valois

Philippe le Bon (the Good)


1457-1482 Guillaume de Thuringe
1467-1477 Charles le Téméraire (the Bold)
1477-1482 Marie
1482-1506

House of Habsburg

Philippe le Bel (the Fair)


1506-1555 Charles II
1555-1598 Philippe III
1598-1621
Albert and Isabel

1621-1665 Philippe IV
1665-1700 Charles III

1700-1713


House of Bourbon

Philippe V

1714-1740

House of Habsburg

Charles IV

 
1740-1780 Marie-Thérèse
1740-1765 François I  
1765-1790 Joseph   
1790-1792 Léopold
1792-1795 François II
1795-1814 Part of France
1814-1840

House of Nassau

Guillaume I

()
1840-1849 Guillaume II
1849-1890 Guillaume III
1890-1905
1905-1912
1912-1919
1919-1964
Adolphe
Guillaume IV
Marie Adelaide
Charlotte
1964-2000
2000-

House of Bourbon

Jean
Henri

* = Henri V was duke of Limburg 1226-1247.
** = Wenceslas I was married with Johanna who was duchess of Brabant and Limburg.
*** = Elizabeth's husband Antoine who was duke of Brabant and Limburg had the title count of Luxembourg 1411-1415. After 1443 was Philippe the Good the real regent of Luxembourg.

= Spain
= Castile
= Portugal
= Milan
= Both Sicilies
= Holland, The Netherlands
= "Belgium"
= Hainaut
= Namur
 
= Germany
= Brandenburg
= Thuringia
= Bavaria
= Austria
= Bohemia
= Moravia
= Hungary
= Transylvania