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The question "what is Germany" have different answers depending on which time
period you are referring to. No German state existed at the time of the birth of
Christ but the area populated by Germans probably had a population of four
millions. The predecessor of the modern German federation was the Holy Roman
Empire of German Nation, which also included several other modern states like
Austria, Belgium and the Czech republic. The Empire was dissolved 1806 and the
German Confederation was created in its place 1815. It was this Confederation
that was regarded as Germany during most of the 19th century but the statistics
below from that century refer only to the area that became the unified Germany
1871.
Germany
(within historical borders) |
Germany
(within the borders of 1871) |
0
1200
1350 |
(4.0)
8.0
12.0 |
1816
1820
1830
1840
1850
1860
1870 |
22,4
26.1
29.4
32.6
35.3
37.6
40.8 |
1500
1600
1650 |
12.0
15.0
10.0 |
1700
1750
1800 |
15.0
17.0
25.0 |
German "Reich" (including Saarland
1919-1935) |
1871
1880
1890
1900 |
41.1
45.2
49.4
56.4 |
|
|
1910 |
64.9 |
(58.5 within the borders of 1919) |
1913
1922
1930 |
67.0
61.9
65.1 |
|
|
1933 |
66.0 |
(65.2 without Saarland) |
|
1939 |
79.8 |
(69.5 within the borders of 1937) |
|
1939 |
87.1 |
(including Bohemia-Moravia) |
West Germany |
East Germany |
|
1939 |
43.0 |
1939 |
16,7 |
|
1946 |
46.6 |
1946 |
18.5 |
|
1950 |
50.8 |
1950 |
18.4 |
|
1960 |
55.4 |
1960 |
17.2 |
|
1970 |
60.7 |
1970 |
17.1 |
|
1980 |
61.6 |
1980 |
16.7 |
|
1988 |
61.4 |
1988 |
16.7 |
Federal Republic of Germany |
| |
1990 |
79.4 |
|
|
2000 |
82.2 |
|
2010 |
81.8 |
|
2020 |
83.2 |
The population statistics below cover various historical states
and modern part states that have existed in Germany. During the Thirty
Years War was Württemberg's population reduced from 450 000 in 1620 to just 100
000 in 1639. Hanover had a population of 200 000 in 1689. Brandenburg-Prussia
had a population of 0.6 million in 1648 and it reached 1,5 million in 1700.
Prussia expanded its territory greatly during the eighteenth century and had a
population of 9,7 millions in 1806. But that year ended in disaster when
Prussia was defeated by Napoleon. In the peace of 1807 was Prussia reduced to a
territory that had only 4,9 million inhabitants. Prussia's status as a great
power was however restored at the Congress in Vienna 1815.
Member States of the German Confederation
(population in thousands)
| |
1816 |
1828 |
1834 |
1840 |
1852 |
1861 |
1864 |
Prussia
Bavaria
Saxony |
10 349
3 655
1 190 |
12 726
4 088
1 373 |
13 510
4 247
1 596 |
14 929
4 371
1 706 |
16 935
4 559
1 988 |
18 491
4 690
2 225 |
19 255
4 807
2 337 |
Württemberg
Baden
Hessen-Darmstadt
Thuringian States |
1 411
1 006
607
709 |
1 549
1 176
718
802 |
1 570
1 231
761
855 |
1 646
1 296
812
896 |
1 733
1 362
854
960 |
1 721
1 373
857
1 004 |
1 748
1 432
853
1 035 |
Schleswig-Holstein
Other States A
Other States B |
2 154
1 491 |
2 617
1 596 |
2 793
1 676 |
849
2 960
1 766 |
969
3 104
1 918 |
1 004
3 193
2 013 |
1 010
3 257
2 068 |
|
Germany |
22.4 |
26.6 |
28.2 |
30.4 |
33.4 |
35.6 |
37.8 |
Thuringian States = Sachsen-Weimar, Sachsen-Meiningen,
Sachsen-Altenburg, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt,
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Reuss-Gera och Reuss-Greiz.
Schleswig-Holstein = The population was 889 in 1845 . The figures
for 1852
and 1861 refers to 1855 and 1860 respectively.
Other States A = States that were conquered by Prussia in 1866,
i.e. Hanover, Hessen-Kassel, Nassau, Hessen-Homburg and Frankfurt.
Other States B = Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
Oldenburg, Brunswick, Anhalt, Waldeck, Schaumburg-Lippe, Lippe, Bremen,
Hamburg, and Lübeck.
Germany = The population figures refers to Germany within
the borders of 1871 but excluding
Schleswig-Holstein and Alsace-Lorraine.
Part States of the German "Reich"
(population in thousands)
|
|
1871 |
1880 |
1890 |
1900 |
1910 |
1925 |
1933 |
1939 |
|
Prussia |
24 689 |
27 279 |
29 957 |
34 473 |
40 165 |
38 176 |
39 934 |
41 334 |
|
Bavaria |
4 863 |
5 285 |
5 595 |
6 176 |
6 887 |
7 380 |
7 682 |
8 223 |
|
Saxony |
2 556 |
2 973 |
3 503 |
4 202 |
4 807 |
4 994 |
5 197 |
5 232 |
|
Württemberg |
1 819 |
1 971 |
2 037 |
2 169 |
2 438 |
2 580 |
2 696 |
2 897 |
|
Baden |
1 462 |
1 570 |
1 658 |
1 868 |
2 143 |
2 312 |
2 413 |
2 502 |
|
Hessen |
853 |
936 |
993 |
1 120 |
1 282 |
1 347 |
1 429 |
1 469 |
|
Mecklenburg |
655 |
677 |
676 |
711 |
746 |
784 |
805 |
900 |
|
Oldenburg |
317 |
337 |
355 |
399 |
483 |
545 |
574 |
578 |
|
Brunswick |
312 |
349 |
404 |
465 |
494 |
502 |
513 |
603 |
|
Bremen |
122 |
157 |
180 |
225 |
300 |
339 |
372 |
450 |
|
Hamburg |
339 |
454 |
623 |
768 |
1 015 |
1 153 |
1 218 |
1 712 |
|
Thuringia |
1 067 |
1 170 |
1 272 |
1 420 |
1 586 |
1 607 |
1 660 |
1 744 |
|
Alsace-Lorraine |
1 550 |
1 567 |
1 604 |
1 719 |
1 874 |
|
|
|
|
Saarland |
|
|
|
|
|
770 |
812 |
842 |
|
Other States |
454 |
509 |
574 |
653 |
708 |
691 |
726 |
671 |
|
Germany |
41.1 |
45.2 |
49.4 |
56.4 |
64.9 |
63.2 |
66.0 |
69.5 |
Mecklenburg was until 1934 divided in
Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Thuringia was until 1920 divided in the states Sachsen-Weimar, Sachsen-Meiningen,
Sachsen-Altenburg, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt,
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Reuss-Gera and Reuss-Greiz.
Other States = Anhalt, Waldeck, Schaumburg-Lippe, Lippe,
and with the exception of 1939 Lübeck.
Prussian Provinces
| |
1864 |
1871 |
1880 |
1890 |
1900 |
1910 |
1910 |
1925 |
1933 |
1939 |
|
East Prussia |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
|
West Prussia |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
|
|
Posen |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Pomerania |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
2.4 |
|
Berlin |
0.6 |
0.8 |
1.1 |
1.6 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
|
Brandenburg |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
3.1 |
4.1 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
3.0 |
|
Silesia |
3.5 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.7 |
5.2 |
4.3 |
4.5 |
4.7 |
4.9 |
|
Saxony |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
|
Schleswig-Holst. |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
|
Hannover |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2,6 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
|
Westfalen |
1.7 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
2,4 |
3.2 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
4.8 |
5.0 |
5.2 |
|
Hessen-Nassau |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1,7 |
1.9 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
|
Rheinland |
3.4 |
3.6 |
4.1 |
4,7 |
5.8 |
7.1 |
6.5 |
7.2 |
7.6 |
7.9 |
|
Hohenzollern |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0,1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
|
Prussia |
23.6 |
24.7 |
27.3 |
30.0 |
34.5 |
40.2 |
35.1 |
38.2 |
40.0 |
41.3 |
The statistics refers to the population
within the borders of 1871 to 1910, the second series for 1910 and the
following series refers to the interwar borders.
Modern German Part States
|
West Germany |
1939 |
1946 |
1950 |
1960 |
1970 |
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2020 |
Schleswig-Holstein
Hamburg
Niedersachsen
Bremen |
1.6
1.7
4.5
0.6 |
2.6
1.4
6.2
0.5 |
2.6
1.6
6.8
0.6 |
2.3
1.8
6.6
0.7 |
2.5
1.8
7.1
0.7 |
2.6
1.7
7.2
0.7 |
2.6
1.6
7.4
0.7 |
2.8
1.7
7.9
0.7 |
2.8
1.8
7.9
0.7 |
2.9
1.9
8.0
0.7 |
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Hessen
Rheinland-Pfalz |
11.9
3.5
3.0 |
11.7
4.0
2.7 |
13.2
4.3
3.0 |
15.9
4.8
3.4 |
16.9
5.4
3.6 |
17.0
5.6
3.6 |
17.2
5.7
3.7 |
18.0
6.1
4.0 |
17.8
6.1
4.0 |
17.9
6.3
4.1 |
Baden-Württemberg
Bavaria
Saarland
(West-) Berlin |
5.5
7.1
0.9
2.8 |
5.8
8.8
0.9
2.0 |
6.4
9.2
0.9
2.1 |
7.7
9.5
1.1
2.2 |
8.9
10.5
1.1
2.1 |
9.2
10.9
1.1
1.9 |
9.7
11.3
1.1
3.4 |
10.5
12.2
1.1
3.4 |
10.8
12.8
1.0
3.5 |
11.1
13.1
1.0
3.7 |
|
East Germany
|
1939 |
1946 |
1950 |
1964 |
1971 |
1981 |
1990 |
2000 |
2010 |
2020 |
East Berlin
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Brandenburg |
1.6
1.6
2.5 |
1.2
2.3
2.6 |
1.2
2.3
2.7 |
1.1
2.1
2.7 |
1.1
2.1
2.7 |
1.2
2.1
2.7 |
1.9
2.6 |
1.8
2.6 |
1.6
2.5 |
1.6
2.5 |
Sachsen-Anhalt
Thuringia
Saxony |
3.1
2.3
5.7 |
3.7
2.8
5.8 |
3.6
2.7
5.9 |
3.3
2.5
5.5 |
3.2
2.5
5.3 |
3.1
2.5
5.1 |
2.9
2.6
4.8 |
2.6
2.4
4.4 |
2.3
2.2
4.1 |
2.2
2.1
4.1 |
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