Örjan Martinsson
| |
Information about Russian uniforms for the first half of the Great Northern
War is unfortunately in short supply since the Russian army lost their
archives during their failed campaign against the Turks at Prut in 1711.
In addition to that most Russian regiments did not have stable uniform
colours during this period and they frequently changed colours each time they
received new uniforms. All this means that any attempt to illustrate Russian
uniforms in the battles of the Great Northern War will inevitable be more or
less speculative. This is also true for the images on this page which should
be viewed as qualified guesses on how the uniforms looked like in the
battle of Poltava (and in some cases also their Eastern uniforms
in the battle of Narva).
For a long time there was no good literature available on this subject
since for example the Osprey books covering Peter the Great's army by Angus Konstam
(1993-94) got its information from A. V. Viskovatov's Russian-language work from
the 19th century, which has proven to be a very unreliable source.
Thorough archive research resulted however in a Russian-language book on the
Russian army 1700-1730 by K. V. Tatarnikov in 2008 and its uniform data is
since 2018 available in English in the book "The Russian Army in the Great Northern War 1700-21"
by Boris Megorsky. It is the latter book that is my main source to my pages
on Russian uniforms. But alongside Megorsky's information I have also
included information from Lars-Eric Höglund and Alexander Bespalov's book
"Stora nordiska kriget 1700-1721, III" from 2004. In those
cases Höglund/Bespalov
have uniform data that is not mentioned by Megorsky it usually means they
got it from Viskovatov which, as previously stated, is not a reliable
source. But for anyone who wants to paint miniature figures, unreliable
information is still better than no information at all.
Russian Uniforms in General
In the beginning
of the Great Northern War the Russian army still used Eastern style uniforms
and it was not until December 1702 the first Western style uniforms began to
be issued. Because coats were only replaced about every third year, it was
not until 1705 when Western uniforms had fully replaced the older uniforms.
During the transition period regiments could be seen wearing a mix of
Eastern and Western equipment such as a Western coat but a cap trimmed with
bearskin and older boots.
The earliest
Western coats may have had double rows of buttons (similar to Danish coats)
but in 1708 the Preobrazhenski Guard was to be issued coats with a single
row of buttons and the rest of the army followed their example. Although as
late as 1711 there were still several regiments with double breasted coats.
The buttons on the early coats were covered with cloth but it then became
standard that the infantry was to have pewter buttons while grenadiers and
dragoons were to have brass buttons.
Initially the
coats did not have a collar at all or a standing collar in the same colour
as the coat. A falling collar was introduced for the artillery 1704, for dragoons 1706
and for the Guard in 1712.
There was a
considerable variation in colours but from 1708 it was decided that green
was the preferred colour on an infantry coat. A shortage of cloth with the
right colour meant however that the regiments had to settle for whatever was
available and the colour could change dramatically each time the regiment
was issued new uniforms.
|
Menshikov's Life Squadron
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1706 i Gomel with chosen men
from other dragoon regiments)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1705)
|
1706 |
Dark green coat with
double rows of gilded buttons, cuffs and collar red trimmed with
gold lace, red vest with lace, red breeches, red cloak with yellow
lining, black neckcloth, hat with gold lace, belts laid with lace
and probably blue cloth. |
Unknown uniform |
1707 |
Blue grenadier caps with
brass plates. "edges laid with lace in three rows - gold and silver
inside". |
Poltava. |
1709 |
Dark green coat with
single row of gilded buttons (NCO coats had lace on cuffs pockets
and collar), vest and breeches of moose leather, red cloak
with dark green lining, light green karpus with red flaps and cross
laid of gold lace on the crown, lace on NCO belts. |
1719 |
Karpus, grenadier cap. |
|
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
Compare it though with
Arkhangelgorodski Dragoon Regiment which was also led by Sheremetev.
According to
Angus Konstam
Both Menshikov's and Sheremetev's
life squadrons were raised 1704. They were merged 1719 and created
the new Life Regiment (the former Life Regiment changed its name to S:t Petersburgski
Dragoon Regiment).
|
|
Sheremetev's Life Squadron
According to Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1703?)
|
1703
Hat with white lace, red coat with
white lining and cuffs, leather vest, leather breeches, red
neckcloth, red cloak with white lining.
|
Narva 1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Holowczyn 1708, Rajovka 1708, Poltava
1709. |
|
Andrey
Kropotov's
Horse Grenadiers
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1709: Andrey
Kropotov
1709: Semen Khlopov
|
1708: A. Kropotov
1709: T. Chirikov
1710: S. Khlopov
1711: Polonski
|
1709 |
Green coat, red vest,
red breeches, red cloak, cap. |
Unknown uniform
Schamov and Plozk 1708, Gadatj and Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
1715 |
Leather breeches, red
cloak. |
1718 |
Leather vest. |
1719 |
Blue coat with brass
buttons, white collar, white cuffs, white lining. |
According to Megorsky the regiment was formed in 1709 with the grenadier
companies from
Arkhangelgorodski, Kievski, Moskovski, Novotroitski, Rostovski,
Sibirski, Smolenski, Vladimirski, Vyatski and Yaroslavski regiments. Note
that Megorsky also writes that Kievski was included in von der Ropp's Regiment.
The same regiments which Megorsky has placed in Andrey Kropotov's Regiment
are stated by
Höglund/Bespalov to have belonged to G. Kropotov's Regiment, but instead
of
Kievski they have written Nevski.
According to Höglund/Bespalov, A. Kropotov's Regiment consisted of the
companies which Megorsky has placed in Gavrila Kropotov's Regiment,
that is: Azovski, Belozerski, Ingermanlandski, Kazanski, Nizhegorodski,
Ryazanski, S:t Petersburgski, Tverski, Troitski and Yamburgski regiments. |
Gavrila
Kropotov's
Horse Grenadiers
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1709: Gavrila
Kropotov
1720: Osip Scherbatov
|
1709: G. Kropotov |
1709 |
Dark green coat,
grenadier caps. NCO coats had lace. Drummers had braids on their
coats. |
1709
Green coat, green grenadier cap. |
1711 |
Leather breeches. |
1712 |
Dark green coat,
leather breeches, caps. |
1715 |
Blue coat, leather vest. |
Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
1716 |
Red cloak with green
lining, red neckcloth.. |
1718 |
Leather vest, red
breeches,
caps. |
1719 |
Blue coat with brass
buttons, red collar, cuffs, loops and lining red. Red cloak with
blue lining |
According to Megorsky the regiment was formed in 1709 with 10 grenadier
companies from
Azovski, Belozerski, Ingermanlandski, Kazanski, Nizhegorodski,
Ryazanski, S:t Petersburgski, Tverski, Troitski and Yamburgski.
According to Höglund/Bespalov it was A. Kropotov's Regiment which got
these companies while G. Kropotov's Regiments was formed with companies
from
Moskovski, Vladimirski, Sibirski, Nevski, Arkhangelgorodski, Rostovski,
Vyatski, Smolenski, Novotroitski and Yaroslavski regiments. |
Von der
Ropp's
Horse Grenadiers
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1709: Christopher
von der Ropp
1720: von Mannstein
|
1709: C. von der
Roop. |
1711 |
Leather breeches, cap. |
Unknown uniform |
1712 |
Green coat, leather
breeches. |
1713 |
Green coat, leather
breeches. |
1714 |
Green coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red cloak. |
1715 |
Green coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red cloak, cap with covers. |
Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
1718 |
Leather vest, red cloak,
cap. |
1718 |
Green coat, leather vest,
cap. |
Both Megorsky and Höglund/Bespalov states that the regiment was formed
in 1709 with grenadier companies from Astrakhanski, Kargopolski, Kievski, Lutski, Narvski, Novgorodski,
Permski, Pskovski, Ustyuzhski and Vologodski regiments. |
Arkhangelgorodski
(raised 1703 in Jamburg with chosen men
from other dragoon regiments)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
Colonel:
Boris Sheremetev
|
1704: Shamodin |
1704 |
Supposedly yellow coat
with green cuffs, green vest and shoulder belt, karpus yellow with
green.
Light grey horses. |
1705
Yellow coat with red lining and
cuffs, hat with gold lace, leather vest, leather breeches, green
neckcloth. |
1708 |
Hat, yellow cloak with
red lining, coat with red cuffs, lapels and collar. Red coat for
drummers. Five white colours. |
1709 |
Hats for grenadiers. |
Dorpat 1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, in Astrakhan 1705-06, Rajovka
1708, Poltava 1709, Viborg 1710, Pomerania 1711-14, Poland 1716-17. |
1710 |
Green coat, leather
breeches, blue cloak, green karpus, stockings, boots, shoes, red
neckcloth. |
1714 |
White coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red cloak, hat. |
1717 |
752 blue coats with
white facings and 308 white. leather vest, leather breeches, white
karpus with blue facing, red cloak with green lining. |
1719 |
Leather vest, white
stockings. |
|
Astrakhanski
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1701: Ivan Lvov
1702: Ivan Ignatiev
1705: Magnus Netlergost
|
1701:
Prince of Lvov
1702: I. Ignatiev
1703: J. Miller-Felsen |
1706 |
Dark green coat, red
vest, red breeches. Gave 700 red coats to Pskovski Regiment. |
1707 |
Green coat, hat,
grenadier caps, Gave away 1391 old red coats. |
1708 |
Green coat, leather
breeches, red cloak. Ten white coats for barbers. |
?
Hat, blue coat with white lining and cuffs, leather vest, leather
breeches. |
1710 |
Hat, shoes, stockings,
boots. |
1711 |
Dark green coat and vest,
red cloak, hat. |
Rauge and Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702, Narva 1704, Gemäuerthof
1705, Kalisz 1706, suppressed Cossack rebellion at the Don 1707-08,
Pomerania
1711-13. |
1712 |
Red cloak, hat. |
1714 |
Non-combatants: grey
homespun coats, vest of coloured linen, sash. |
1715 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
red
karpus. |
1716 |
Red cloak with blue |
1719 |
Dark green coat with
brass buttons, red collar, cuffs and loops, red lining, leather vest,
leather breeches, blue karpus with red flaps, dark green cloak
with red lining. Ten white fourier pennants. |
|
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
According to
Angus Konstam
(raised 1706)
Colonel: Pavlov |
|
Azovski According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1706 in Moscow with conscripts
and
men from disbanded units)
1706: Pavlov |
170?
Hat, blue coat, leather vest, leather
breeches. |
Holowczyn 1708, Rajovka 1708, Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
|
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
According to
Angus Konstam
(raised 1704)
Colonel: Apraxin |
|
Belozerski
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1703 in Moscow, disbanded 1711
and the men transferred to Sibirski Dragoon Regiment)
1703: A.
Schakovski
1704: P. Apraxin
1708: Postelnikov |
|
1704?
Green coat with red lining and cuffs, blue
karpus, leather breeches. |
1706
Blue coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs, hat, red vest,
red breeches, red neckcloth, blue cloak with red lining. |
Narva 1704, Kalisz 1706, Holowczyn 1708, Rajovka 1708, Poltava 1709 |
|
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
According to Angus Konstam
(raised 1701 and disbanded 1712)
Colonel: Dumont |
|
Chernigovski
According to Höglund/Bespalov
(Raised 1701/02 in Moscow)
Colonel: Dumont
?
Hat, red coat with blue lining and
cuffs, leather vest, leather breeches.
Hummelshof 1702, Gemäuerthof 1705, Kalisz 1706, Poltava 1709. |
|
Ingermanlandski
(raised 1703 in Moscow)
Colonel:
Alexander Menshikov
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
1705 |
Hat with white tape,
grenadier caps. |
1712
Green coat with red lining and cuffs,
green vest, leather breeches, red neckcloth, green cloak with red
lining, hat |
1708 |
Blue coat with red cuffs
and red lining, leather breeches. red cloak with blue lining, hat. |
1712 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, dark green vest, moose leather breeches, dark green cloak
with red lining, red neckcloth, hat. |
Viborg 1706, Kalisz 1706, Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava
1709, Pomerania and Poland 1711-19. |
1714 |
Hat. |
1718 |
Karpus. |
|
Kargopolski
(raised 1707 in Moscow with conscripts)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1707: Ivan Boltin
1708: Marel de Karger
1709: Ivan Boltin
|
1707: I. Boltin
1706: Marelie de la Carrier |
1707 |
Dark green coat, red
vest, red breeches, hat, red neckcloth. Green chabraque and green
holster covers with fringe.. |
1706
Green coat with brass buttons, red lining,
red cuffs, red vest, red breeches, red neckcloth, hat. |
1709 |
Dark green coat and
cloak,
red vest, red breeches, hat, red neckcloth. |
1712 |
White coat with blue
lining. One white colour and nine reddish colours. |
1713 |
Red cloak with green
lining. |
Lesnaya 1708, Poltava
and Perevolochna 1709, Riga 1710, Prut 1711, Pomerania 1711-12. |
1714 |
White coat with red
lining and red cuffs, Blue karpus with red lining.. |
1715 |
Leather vest, leather
breeches, red neckcloth. |
1716 |
Green cloak. |
1717 |
Blue coat with white
lining and white cuffs, white karpus with blue lining, leather vest,
leather breeches. |
|
Kazanski
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
According to Boris Megorsky |
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov |
|
1701: Danila Shenshin
1702: Mikhail Zybin
1703: Andrey Akhmatov
1703: Afanasy Astafiev
|
1701: D. Shensin
1701: M. Zybin
1702: V. Grigorov
1703: A. Akhmatov
1703: A. Astafyev
1705: De PoulignieUnknown uniform
Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702, Narva 1704, Prut 1711. |
1712 |
Hat, quartermeister
pennants of red and green cloth. |
1715 |
Karpus. |
1717 |
Karpus. |
1721 |
Hat. |
|
Kievski
(raised 1698 in Moscow)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1700: Andrey
Shnevents
1701: Rodion Bauer
|
1698-1701:
A. Schnewentz
1702: R. Bauer
1702-03: A. Schnewentz
1703: LeontievUnknown uniform
Narva 1700, Rappin 1701, Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702,
Kalisz 1706, Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava 1709, Pomerania 1711-17. |
1700 |
Black colour. |
1701 |
Black colour. |
1712 |
Hat. |
1714 |
Hat. |
1715 |
Hat. |
1719 |
Karpus. |
1720 |
Red cloak. |
1721 |
Green coat, karpus. |
|
Koporski
Neither Boris Megorsky or Angus Konstam mention this regiment.
Höglund/Bespalov states that there are no data about colonels,
recruitment et cetera, but they do mention the following uniform data: 1706
Hat, blue coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs,
red vest, red breeches, red neckcloth, blue cloak with red lining.
According to Pavel Konovalchuk and Einar Lyth's book "Vägen till Poltava -
Slaget vid Lesnaja", Koporski participated in the battle of
Lesnaya 1708. |
Life Regiment
(raised 1707 with men from other
regiments, S:t Petersburgski Regiment from 1719)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to Höglund/Bespalov
1707: A.
Reshkov
|
|
1707: Anton Eshov
|
1707 |
Blue coat, red vest, red
breeches, red cloak, hat. Shabraque and holster covers blue. |
1707
Blue coat with brass buttons, red lining,
red cuffs, red vest, red breeches, red cloak, black hat. |
1708 |
Hat |
1708
Hat with yellow lace |
1709 |
Green coat, hat.
NCO hats and coats had silver lace. Drummer coats had silver lace
and supposedly red "trip" (a velvet-like textile probably
on facings). red vest, red breeches, red cloak. |
1709
Hat with yellow lace or red karpus with
blue lining, blue coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs,
leather vest, leather breeches, black neckcloth, blue cloak with red
lining. |
1710 |
Green coat, red vest,
red breeches. |
1712 |
White coat with red
cuffs and brass buttons, yellow vest leather breeches, red cloak,
hat. |
1715 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red cloak, hat, red neckcloth. |
Holowczyn 1708,
Lesnaya 1708, Oposhna 1709, Poltava and Perevolochna 1709, Riga 1710, Prut 1711,
Poland
1711-18. |
1717 |
Leather vest and leather
breeches. |
1719 |
Blue coat with brass
buttons, collar, cuffs and lining white, white karpus with blue
facing, blue cloak with red collar and red lining. |
|
Lutski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1705 in Koporje)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1705 with men from Novgorod's military district) |
|
1705: Timofey
Putyatin
1706: Rudolph von Schaumburg
1708: Fedor Chekin
|
1705: T. Putjatin
|
1706 |
Homespun grey coat with
red. |
1705/06
Grey coat. |
1707 |
Blue coat with red, hat,
grenadier cap. |
1708
Grey coat with red lining and cuffs, |
1711 |
Dark green coat, red
cloak, karpus, grenadier cap. |
1714 |
Dark green coat, blue
breeches, red cloak. karpus, grenadier cap, non-combatants had grey
homespun coats. |
1716
Green coat, leather vest, leather breeches, blue
karpus, red cloak. |
1718 |
Red vest. |
1720 |
Karpus. |
Viborg 1706, Viborg and Kexholm 1710, Pälkäne 1713, Storkyro 1714.
raids on the Swedish east coast
1719-20. |
According to Boris Megorsky
|
Moskovski
(raised 1700 in Moscow)
|
According to Höglund/Bespalov
1700-02:
J. Gulits (Goltz)
N. von Verden
K. Rönne
Rohznov
|
|
1700: Efim
Goulits
1702: Nikolay von Werden
1703: Carl-Evald Ronne
|
|
1700 |
Dark green coat, red cap
and red sash.. Green colours. |
1701 |
Two lemon colours. |
?
Hat, white coat with white cuffs, brown vest, brown breeches, red
cloak. |
1706 |
Nine green colours
painted with silver, iron finials, one white colour with eagle
painted with gold. |
1707 |
Red neckcloth, hat,
grenadier cap. Red chabraque for grenadiers. Five green colours with
black eagle, including one white colour. |
1709 |
Red cloak, hat. |
1711 |
Red cloak with blue
lining, leather vest, leather breeches, hat, black neckcloth. One
red colour painted with white, brass finial. |
1712 |
White coat with blue
cuffs and blue lining, black neckcloth, hat. quartermeister pennants
of green and red cloth. Nine red colours painted with gold, brass finials,
one white colour painted with gold. |
1712
White coat with blue cuffs and blue lining,
leather vest, leather breeches, black neckcloth, hat, red cloak with
blue lining. |
1714 |
Karpus. |
1718 |
Karpus |
Narva 1700, Rappin 1701, Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702, Narva
1704, Grodno 1706, Kalisz 1706, Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
Narvski
(raised 1705 in Belgorod)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov 1705: I. Pestov
1706: Pavier de Colderson
1707: J. Polonski
1707: J. von Millen-Felsen
|
|
1705: Ivan Pestov
1705: Ivan Paur
1706: Ivan von Felzin
|
1706 |
Coat of coarse wool,
hat. |
1705,
1706, 1716
Grey coat, hat, leather vest, leather
breeches, red cloak. Viborg 1706, Lesnaya 1708, Viborg
and Kexholm
1710, Pälkäne 1713, Storkyro 1714. |
1708 |
Grenadier caps. |
1711 |
Karpus, grenadier caps. |
1714 |
Blue coat, red cloak,
green karpus. |
|
Nevski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1704 in Moscow)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1705 in Moscow with
men from older cavalry units)
1705: J. Portessis
1706: Campbell Unknown uniform |
|
1704: Jan Portess
1705: Anton von Stoltz
|
1706 |
Hat. |
1707 |
Hat, grenadier caps. |
1708 |
Hat. |
1709 |
Hat. |
Grodno 1706, Kalisz
1706, Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava 1709, Viborg and Kexholm 1710,
Riga 1710, Pernau 1710, Pomerania 1711-17. |
1711 |
Blue cloak. |
1712 |
Dark green coat,
leather vest, leather breeches, hat. |
1714 |
White coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, hat. |
1719 |
Dark green coat,
leather vest, leather breeches. |
1720 |
Karpus. |
|
|
|
Nizhegorodski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1702 in Novgorod)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1701 in Novgorod)
|
|
1702: Ludwig Wolmat-Bodevy
1703: Andrey Morell de Carier
1704: Ivan Boltin
1705: Otto-Rudolph von Schauenburg
|
1701: A. Morelie
de la Carrier
1702: W. Bodevy |
1707 |
Hat. |
Unknown uniform |
1709 |
Hat. |
1711 |
Karpus. |
Hummelshof 1702, Jamburg 1703, Narva 1704,
Apraxin's corps 1704-05, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava 1709,
Prut 1711, Kexholm 1716-17. |
1712 |
Quartermeister pennants of green and
red cloth. |
1713 |
White coat with red facings, red
karpus with dark green facing, black neckcloth, leather vest, moose
leather breeches, red cloak with green. |
1715 |
Dark green coat, leather vest, hat. |
1716 |
Dark green coat, red
neckcloth, red cloak. |
1718 |
Hat. |
1719 |
Red coat with blue
lining, green karpus with red facing, black neckcloth, leather vest,
deer and moose leather breeches, blue cloak with red collar and red
lining. |
|
Novgorodski
(raised 1701 in Moscow with reiters, lancers and men from cities in
the Volga region)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov 1701: N.
Meschersky
1702: G. Volkonsky
1703: N. Iffland |
|
1701: Nikita
Meschersky
1702: Grigory Volkonsky
|
1706 |
Hat. |
1707 |
Blue coat with brass buttons, red
cloak. |
?
White karpus with green lining, green coat, leather
vest,
leather breeches. (The description of the coat
and karpus
is identical with the uniform they state for Novgorodski Infantry Regiment
in 1711) |
1708 |
Hat, blue coat with red. |
1710 |
White coat, leather vest, leather
breeches, red cloak, karpus. |
1711 |
White coat. |
1712 |
One white colour and nine reddish
colours. |
1713 |
White coat, leather vest, leather
breeches, red cloak, green karpus, red neckcloth. |
Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702, Dorpat
1704, Narva 1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Kalisz 1706, Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
1715 |
Leather vest, leather breeches. |
1716 |
White coat with blue lining, red
cloak with green lining. |
1718 |
White coat with blue lining and brass
buttons, karpus. |
1719 |
Leather vest, leather
breeches, green cloak with red lining. |
1720 |
Green cloak, karpus. |
|
Novotroitski
(According to Angus Konstam it got its provincial name in 1712 and
was before then called Kropotovski)
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1708 with men from other dragoon regiments)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1707)
|
|
1708: Gavrila
Kropotov
1709: Semen Meschersky
|
1707: S. Kropotov
|
1721 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, blue cloak, karpus. |
Unknown uniform Oposhna 1709, Poltava 1709, Riga 1710,
Pernau 1710, Pomerania 1711-13 |
|
Olonetski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1700 as a reiter regiments, converted to a dragoon regiment 1707)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1707 with men from Murzensk's Reiter Regiment)
Colonel unknown
|
|
1700: Moisey
Murzenko
|
1707 |
Hat. |
Unknown uniform |
1709 |
Dark green coat, blue
cloak, hat, karpus for drummers. |
Poland 1707-08,
Poltava 1709, Pomerania 1711-12, Pälkäne 1713, Storkyro 1714. |
1712 |
Blue coat, dark green
vest, chamois-leather breeches, blue cloak, karpus. NCO coat and karpus
had lace. |
1715 |
Dark green coat, leather
vest, leather breeches, blue cloak, blue karpus, red neckcloth. |
1718 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
blue breeches, red karpus. |
1719 |
Blue cloak. |
|
Permski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1703 in Moscow)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1703 with men from old reiter and lancer regiments,
1706 men from the garrison regiment in Taganrog)
1703-06: I. Gorbov
1706
White coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs,
red vest, red breeches, hat. |
|
1703: Ivan Gorbov
|
1703 |
One white and nine red
colours with a cross, silk tassels, one white colour with gold
tassels. |
1709 |
Red coat, white breeches. |
1711 |
Karpus. |
1712 |
Quartermeister pennants
of red and green cloth. |
1713 |
White coat. |
1714 |
Karpus. |
1715 |
Leather vest. |
1716 |
White coat with red
cuffs and red lining. |
Narva 1704, Grodno 1706,
Holowczyn 1708,
Lesnaya 1708, Prut 1711 |
1717 |
Yellow vest. |
1718 |
Dark green coat. |
1719 |
Dark green coat, leather
vest, red cloak with green lining and collar, karpus. |
|
According to Boris Megorsky
|
Pskovski
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1701: Fedor
Novikov
1702: Vasily Vadbolsky
1703: Nikolay Inflant
|
|
1701:
F. Novikov
1702: Vadbolsky
1702: N. Meschersky
1703: N. Iffland |
1707 |
Dark green coat with
pewter buttons and red facings, red cloak, grenadier caps. |
1708 |
Hat. |
1709 |
Green coat, white
breeches. |
1711 |
One red colour. |
1710/12
Blue coat with red lining and cuffs, hat,
leather vest, leather breeches, blue cloak with red lining. |
1712 |
Blue coat with red
facings, hat, leather vest, leather breeches, red cloak with blue
lining. |
1715 |
Dark green coat, hat,
red neckcloth, leather vest, leather breeches, red cloak. One white
colour. |
1717 |
Leather vest,
chamois-leather breeches. |
Rauge 1701, Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702, Poltava 1709,
Prut 1711. |
1718 |
Blue coat, red karpus
and neckcloth, red cloak. |
1719 |
Leather vest, leather
breeches. |
1720 |
Blue coat, red karpus
and neckcloth, red cloak. One white colour with Sovereign's coat of
arms in gold (probably his cipher) which was issued 1715, nine dark
lemon colours with emblem of snow leopard in silver which was issued 1720.. |
|
Ranenburgski
Dragoon Squadron
(Raised 1704, Commander: Menshikov,
Unknown uniform, Cossack rebellion 1708 and Poltava 1709)
Kozlovski Dragoon Squadron
(Commander: F. Apraxin, Poltava 1709)
Hat or red karpus, red coat with blue lining and cuffs,
leather breeches, black neckcloth, blue cloak with red lining.
Voronezhski Dragoon Squadron
(Commander: F. Apraxin, Unknown uniform,
Poltava 1709)
Roslavlski Dragoon Squadron
(No data on commander, recruitment et
cetera are known)
1709: Hat, red
coat with blue lining and cuffs, leather breeches, black neckcloth, blue
cloak with red lining.
Neither Boris Megorsky or Angus Konstam mention these squadrons.
Höglund/Bespalov list them as separate units, but a Russian historian
have suggested that the first three squadrons (which supposedly
participated in the battle of Poltava) might have been alternative names
for the same unit. Because Höglund/Bespalov's information on the
Roslavlski Squadron is similar to the other three, it might also have
been an alternative name for the Ranenburgski Squadron which got its
name from Menshikov's estate Ranenburg (which in its turn got its name
from the castle Oranienburg north of Berlin). |
Rostovski
(raised 1706 in Moscow with conscripted servants from monasteries
and
boyar estates)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1707:
Kruz
|
1706: Cruse
|
1712
Hat, green coat with red lining and cuffs, green vest,
leather breeches, red neckcloth, blue cloak with red lining. |
1710 |
Black neckcloth. |
1711 |
Existed: hat,
dark green coat, red vest, leather breeches, red cloak. |
|
Issued: hat, red
neckcloth, dark green coat with red facings, dark green vest, moose
leather breeches, blue cloak with red. |
Holowczyn 1708, Lesnaya 1708,
Poltava and Perevolochna 1709,
Pomerania 1711-13,Poland 1716-18 |
|
Ryazanski
(raised 1705 in Smolensk from the lower nobility and men from Ravdanski's,
Stankevich and Sukhotin's regiments, disbanded 1713)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1705: Nikolay
Gerenk
1706: Gustav-Alfred Gein
|
1705: N.
Göring |
1706 |
Hat. |
1708 |
Light blue coat, hat |
1709 |
Hat. |
1710 |
Red cloak with blue, red
neckcloth. |
1711 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, moose leather breeches, blue karpus. |
1712 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, moose leather breeches, blue karpus, red cloak with blue
lining, red neckcloth. |
1712
Green coat with red lining and cuffs, hat or blue
karpus, leather breeches, red neckcloth, red cloak with blue lining. |
1713 |
Leather vest. |
1714 |
Karpus. |
1717 |
Hat. |
Kalisz 1706, Prut
1711 |
1720 |
Hat.. |
|
S:t Petersburgski
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
According to
Angus Konstam
(raised 1701 in Moscow and disbanded 1712)
Colonel: Poluektov
|
|
According to Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1701 in Moscow, disbanded 1711, its name then taken by
Life Regiment 1719)
1701: N. Poluektov
1702: M. Zybin
1703: V. Grigorov
1705: J. Genskin |
|
1707
Blue coat with pewter buttons and red lining,
red vest, red breeches, red cloak, hat with white lace. |
170?
Green coat with red lining and cuffs, red vest, red
breeches, hat. |
Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702,
Jamburg 1703, Dorpat 1704, Narva 1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Grodno
1706, Kalisz 1706, Starya Senchary 1709, Poltava and Perevolochna
1709, Poland 1710, Prut 1711. |
|
Sibirski
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to Höglund/Bespalov
1701: A.
de Mulin (Molina?)
1703: G. Pflug
1706: Sheveljev
|
|
1701: Alexander
Malina
1703: Gebhard Pflug
|
1704 |
Blue coat with red. red
vest, red breeches, hat. dark green shabraque (page 84) |
1704
Blue coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs,
red vest, red breeches, hat.. |
1707 |
Dark green coat, red
vest, red cloak, hat. |
1708 |
Leather breeches. |
1710 |
Karpus. One white
colour. |
1711 |
One red colour |
1712 |
Leather vest, red cloak,
karpus. One white and nine yellow colours. |
In the Baltic 1703,
Kalisz 1706, Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Krasnokutsk 1709, Poltava and
Perevolochna
1709, Prut 1711. |
1714 |
One deserter wore a dark
green coat with 18 brass buttons, red lining and cuffs, red vest,
leather breeches, red cloak. |
1715 |
Hat. |
1718 |
Blue breeches, red
karpus with blue facing. |
1719 |
Blue coat with red
facing and blue lining, red cloak with blue lining. |
|
Not mentioned by Boris Megorsky
According to
Angus Konstam
(raised 1701 and disbanded 1712)
Colonel: Anastassi
Ostafiev |
|
Smolenski
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(Raised 1702 in Moscow with men from Moscow and the Lower
Volga region, disbanded 1714)
1702: M. Frank
1703: M. Zybin
1704: G. Khlopov |
170?
White coat with blue lining and cuffs,
white karpus with red lining, leather vest, leather breeches.
Hummelshof 1702, Dorpat 1704, Narva
1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Kalisz 1706, Holowczyn 1708, Rajovka 1708,
Poltava 1709. |
|
Tobolski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1707)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1707 from volunteers and younger sons of the nobility)
|
|
1707: Vasily
Arakcheev
|
1707:
V. Arakchev
? Green coat with
blue lining and cuffs, green karpus,
leather vest, leather breeches. |
1707 |
Hat. |
1709 |
Grenadier caps. |
1711 |
Hat. |
1713 |
Karpus |
1715 |
Karpus. |
Holowczyn 1708, Rajovka 1708,
Lesnaya 1708, Poltava 1709. Reval 1710, Prut 1711, Pälkäne 1713,
Storkyro 1714, Nyslott 1714. |
1716 |
Red cloak. |
1717 |
Karpus. |
1718 |
Dark green coat, karpus. |
1719 |
Leather vest. |
1720 |
Blue coat, red cloak. |
|
Troitski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1701 in Moscow with reiters and lancers from Kazan,
Saransk and other cities)
|
|
1701: Semen
Kropotov
1705: Georg-Gustav von Rosen
|
1701:
S. Kropotov
1705: G. von Rosen
1705: V. Sherementiev
|
1702 |
Ten white colours. |
1707 |
Red vest, red cloak, hat,
grenadier caps. |
1708 |
Dark green coat, hat. |
1708
Green coat. |
1710 |
Leather breeches, hat. |
Rappin 1701, Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof 1702,
Dorpat 1704, Narva 1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Kalisz 1706, Lesnaya 1708, Riga 1710, Pernau 1710,
Pomerania 1711-1718. |
1712 |
Dark green coat, green
cloak with yellow lining, hat, black neckcloth. One white and nine
red colours. |
1714 |
White coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, hat, red neckcloth, blue cloak. |
1717 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red karpus, red cloak. |
1719 |
Red cloak. |
1720 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
karpus. |
|
Tverski
(Raised 1703 according to Megorsky. According to Höglund/Bespalov: 1702
in Moscow with conscripts and volunteers)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov |
|
1703: Grigory Sukhotin
1705: Iuda Boltin
1705: Anton Dumont
1706: Michael von Schultz
|
1702: P. Deolov
1703-05: G. Suchutin |
1708 |
White coat, leather
breeches, red cloak with blue lining, hat. |
170?
Red coat with blue lining and cuffs, leather
breeches, red neckcloth, red cloak, blue karpus with red lining. |
1709 |
Black neckcloth, green
karpus with red facing. |
1710 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, leather vest, leather breeches, red cloak with blue, red
neckcloth, dark green karpus and hat. |
1711 |
Red stockings,
leather breeches. |
1712
Green coat with red lining and cuffs, leather vest,
leather breeches, red neckcloth, red cloak with blue lining, hat or
green karpus. |
1712 |
Green coat with red
facings, leather vest, red breeches, leather breeches, red cloak
with blue, red neckcloth, dark green karpus and hat. |
1713 |
White coat, leather vest,
moose leather breeches, red cloak, black neckcloth, blue karpus. |
Garrison in Ostrogorsk
1702-03, Dorpat
1704, Gemäuerthof 1705, Lesnaya 1708, Riga 1710, Prut 1711, Storkyro
1714. |
1715 |
Green coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, black neckcloth, blue karpus. |
1717 |
Red coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red karpus. |
1720 |
Blue coat, leather vest,
leather breeches, red cloak, blue karpus with red facing. |
|
Ustyuzhski
(renamed to
Yamburgski 1712) |
Vladimirski
(raised 1701 in Moscow)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov |
|
1701: Mikhail
Zhdanov
1702: Peter Meschersky
|
1701:
I. Zhdanov
1702: P. Meschersky
|
1709 |
White coat, hat,
grenadier caps. |
1710 |
Hat, blue cloak with red
lining. |
1711 |
Green coat with red
facings, red karpus, hat, black neckcloth, breeches of both goat and
moose leather. |
1712 |
Green coat with red
lining, leather vest, leather breeches, blue cloak with red. black
neckcloth, red karpus. One hundred white coats for train drivers. |
1712
Green coat with red lining and cuffs, leather
breeches, blue cloak with red lining, hat or red karpus. |
1713 |
Leather vest, red
neckcloth. |
1714 |
Deserters (probably
non-combatants) had white coats with white cloth buttons, blue
lining, leather breeches. |
1715 |
Blue coat with red
facings, leather vest, red cloak with light blue, hat. |
Erastfer 1701, Hummelshof
1702, Dorpat 1704, in Poland and Lithuania 1705-08, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava 1709, Prut 1711. |
1716 |
Leather vest. |
1718 |
Green karpus with red
facing. |
1719 |
Blue coat with red
cuffs, and red lining, chamois-leather vest, breeches of moose- and
dear leather, red cloak with blue collar and blue lining, hat. |
1720 |
Hat. |
1721 |
Red neckcloth. |
|
Vologodski
(raised 1705 in Belgorod)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1705: Fedor
Khruschov
1706: Vasily Monastyrev
|
1705: F.
Khrushchov
1706: Monastyrev
1706: J. Bauer
|
1706 |
Grey coat, hat |
1706
Grey coat, black hat. |
1708 |
Green coat with blue.
Issued: white coats, grenadier caps. |
1708
Green coat with blue cuffs and blue lining.
|
1709 |
Hat. |
1711 |
Dark green coat,
karpus, grenadier caps. |
Kolkanpää 1708, Oposhna
1709, Poltava 1709, Viborg 1710, Kexhollm 1710, Pälkäne 1713, Storkyro
1714. |
1712 |
Leather breeches. |
1714 |
Green coat, green
karpus, red cloak. |
|
Vyatski
(raised 1701 in Novgorod)
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1702: Denis
Devgerin
1703: Phillipp Suvas
1705: Andrey Volkonsky
|
1701: D. Devgerin
1704: F. Suviz
1705: A. Volkonsky |
1704 |
Hat. |
1706
Green coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs,
red vest, red breeches, red neckcloth, hat. |
1706 |
Green coat, red vest,
red breeches, red neckcloth. |
1707 |
Hat, grenadier caps with emblem. |
1709 |
White coat |
1711 |
Leather vest. |
Hummelshof 1702,
Systerbäck 1703, Narva 1704, Apraxin's corps 1704-05, Lesnaya 1708, Oposhna 1709, Poltava 1709, Riga 1710, Viborg 1710, Pernau 1710,
Pälkäne 1713, Storkyro 1714. |
1713 |
Karpus. |
1714 |
Leather vest, leather
breeches, green cloak. |
1715 |
Red coat, red karpus. |
1717 |
Leather vest, green
cloak. |
1718 |
Blue coat, karpus. |
|
Ustyuzhski
1707-1712 and
Yamburgski
1712-
According to Boris Megorsky
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
|
|
1707: Roman
Volkonsky
|
Colonel unknown |
1707 |
Hat, white neckcloth. |
1712
Green coat with red lining and cuffs,
leather vest, leather breeches, green cloak with yellow lining,
black neckcloth, hat. |
1707 |
Yellow coat with red
cuffs, lapels and lining, green vest, green breeches,
brass buttons. |
1710 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, leather vest, leather breeches, dark green cloak with
yellow lining, black neckcloth, hat. |
Lesnaya 1708, Poltava
and Perevolochna 1709, Pomerania 1711-12 (see also the first
Yamburgski Regiment for possible mix-up). |
1712 |
Dark green coat with red
facings, leather vest, leather breeches, dark green cloak with
yellow lining, black neckcloth, hat. |
1714 |
White coat, leather vest,
hat |
1717 |
Karpus. |
1711 |
Karpus |
|
Yamburgski
1706-1712
The first dragoon regiment
with this name was raised 1706 in Smolensk with men from the lower Volga
region and Ukrainian cities. It was disbanded 1712 and its name was then
given to the Ustyuzhski Dragoon Regiment
1706: F. Fastman
Prince of Lvov
Boris Megorsky does not mention this
regiment and according to Höglund/Bespalov their uniforms were unknown.
Even though the regiment was disbanded 1712 Höglund/Bespalov states that
it was in Pomerania and Holstein 1713-14 (mix-up with the former
Ustyuzhski Regiment?)
Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava and Perevolochna 1709, Reval
and Viborg 1710, Pomerania 1711-13, Holstein 1714. |
Yaroslavski
According to Boris Megorsky
(raised 1706 in Moscow)
1706: Grogori Volkonsky
|
|
According to Höglund/Bespalov
(raised 1706 with men from the Lower Volga region and Ukrainian
cities)1706: G. Volkonski
1706: Naschokin
1706/09 Hat with
white lace, blue coat with brass buttons, red lining and cuffs, red
vest, blue breeches. Blue grenadier cap with red lining. |
1710 |
Hat, red neckcloth,
dark green vest, moose leather breeches. |
1711 |
Hat. |
1712 |
Hat, red neckcloth,
dark green vest, moose leather breeches, light blue cloak. |
1713 |
Hat, white neckcloth,
white coat, breeches of chamois leather, red cloak with green lining. |
1712 Hat, blue coat
with red lining and cuffs, green vest, leather breeches, blue cloak
with red lining. |
1714 |
Hat. |
1717 |
Karpus. |
1720 Hat with yellow
lace, blue coat with white lining and cuffs, white vest, white
breeches. |
1720 |
Karpus. |
Rajovka 1708, Lesnaya 1708, Poltava and Perevolochna 1709,
Pomerania 1711-13, Holstein 1714. |
According to Boris Megorsky
(organised as a regiment 1701)
|
|
According to
Höglund/Bespalov
(organised as a regiment 1712,
consisted in 1701 of field artillery and siege artillery distributed
to different batteries or departments.)
Commander:
J. Bruce
|
|
1701: Johann
Goshka
1706: Johann Gunter
|
1704 |
Coat of red or brown
cloth with blue collar and cuffs, brass buttons, red vest, red
stockings, shoes with brass buckles, hat. |
? Red coat with blue lining and cuffs,
black hat or red karpus with blue lining, red vest, red breeches,
blue or blue-white striped stockings, blue cloak. Bombardiers had
black leather helmet without plume. |
1706 |
High boots, hat. |
1708 |
Red coat with blue
collar and cuffs, brass buttons, red vest, leather breeches, grey
stockings, shoes with brass buckles, hat. Horse gunners had red
cloaks. |
c. 1700 & 1710 Carriages were red with
metal fittings painted yellow. |
1712 |
Boots, red karpus with
blue flaps. |
c.
1707 Carriages green with metal fittings
painted black. |
1717 |
Blue cloak with red
lining. |
Wagons were decorated
with the Russian double eagle. |
|
References
Höglund, Lars-Eric – Sallnäs, Åke – Bespalov, Alexander. Stora
nordiska kriget 1700-1721, III. Karlstad (2004).
Konstam, Angus. Peter the Great's army (1-2). London (1993)
Lyth, Einar – Konovaltjuk, Pavel. Vägen till Poltava - Slaget vid Lesnaja.
Hallstavik (2009)
Megorsky, Boris. The Russian Army in the Great Northern War 1700-21.
Warwick (2018) |
|